UV Specific Absorbance Value (SAC) Analysis: Quality Control

Importance of UV Specific Absorbance Value Analysis in Olive Oil

What is Olive Oil?

Olive oil is a natural oil obtained from the fruits of the olive tree and is widely used especially in Mediterranean cuisine. Produced by methods such as cold pressing, extra virgin olive oil is known for its high antioxidant and healthy fat content.

What are the Health Effects of Olive Oil?

Olive oil has an important place in a balanced diet. Thanks to its healthy fatty acids and antioxidants:

• Supports heart health: It lowers bad cholesterol (LDL) and increases good cholesterol (HDL).
• Reduces inflammation: Thanks to polyphenols, it has an anti-inflammatory effect.
• Protects brain health: It can help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's and similar diseases.
• It benefits the digestive system: It facilitates digestion by regulating stomach acid.
• Improves skin health: Moisturizes the skin and fights free radicals.

What is the UV Specific Absorbance Value of Olive Oil?

UV specific absorbance analysis (K232, K270 and ∆K values) is a test to assess the oxidation status and chemical quality of olive oil. Oxidation leads to staling or loss of quality of the oil. This analysis is an important indicator to understand the purity, quality and freshness of olive oil.

• K232 Value: Measures primary oxidation (presence of peroxides) in olive oil.
• K270 Value: Indicates secondary oxidation and the presence of compounds such as aldehyde-ketones in the oil.
• ∆KValue: Detects whether the oil is adulterated and helps to identify fraudulent transactions.

What should be the UV Specific Absorbance Value in Olive Oil?

UV specific absorbance values in olive oil are determined in the Turkish Food Codex Communiqué on Olive Oil and Olive Pomace Oil:

• K232: Maximum 2.50
• K270: Up to 0.22
• ∆K: Up to 0.01

These values are the determining criteria for olive oil to be included in the extra virgin category. Values above the specified limits indicate that the oil is of poor quality or a mixture is made.

Determination of UV Specific Absorbance Value in Olive Oil

UV absorbance testing is performed by spectrophotometry. The procedure is as follows:

1. Sample Preparation: Olive oil sample is diluted with solvent.
2. Use of UV Spectrophotometer: The solution is analyzed at wavelengths of 232 nm and 270 nm.
3. ∆K Calculation: The difference absorbance is calculated using the K232 and K270 values.
4. Evaluation of Results: The results obtained are evaluated according to the legislation.

This analysis is an important step to guarantee the quality of olive oil and provide consumers with a safe product.

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